Suchergebnisse

As an object of research in the article, the phenomenon of the Russian space, taken in a long historical retrospective, appears, the subject issues of the study of which are the prerequisites, meanings and content, as well as significant cause-and-effect relationships and the dynamics of its transformations. It is shown that the processes of acquisition and development (colonization) of the country's space took many centuries, took place in different directions, with different intensity and were initially associated with special motives, extraordinary efforts and contradictory consequences. The cornerstones of the main stages of transformation of the Russian space — pre-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet — are considered. A theoretical understanding of the modern stage is proposed, the deep meaning of which the author associates with the need to remove the main contradiction of the spatial organization of life in the country, due to the abrupt transition of the country «from socialism to the market». The driving forces and limitations of the formation of a new configuration of space are highlighted, the course and content of this transition process are predicted. In the author's understanding, the ongoing transition is characterized by a complex interweaving of reforms and counter-reforms: the market-federative reversal of the 1990s (with its well-known excesses of reformation radicalism) is opposed by a mechanistic one that ignores the realities of the established market-capitalist system, and therefore counterproductive reproduction of a number of Soviet planning and placement algorithms of public administration. The conceptual approach to the consideration of the organization of the socio-economic space as a large complex dynamic open system and to the interpretation of its transformation processes as systemic transformations is substantiated. The deep Russian features of state participation in the transformation of the socio-economic space are revealed, the requirements for the current state regional policy are formulated.

The article summarizes the results of many years of fundamental interdisciplinary research on a wide range of socioeconomic problems of the spatial development of Russia in the post-Soviet period. An overview of the content and main results of four programs of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, carried out on this topic in 2009–2020, is given. We are talking about an unprecedented megaproject for domestic and, apparently, for world science, which marks a new — interdisciplinary — type of research on a wide range of priority theoretical and applied issues for modern Russian reality, which form the supporting framework of the latest topical spatial problems. This is a large-scale, polythematic, complexly organized project that has been carried out for more than ten years. The article provides a characteristic of the theoretical and methodological approach, methodological tools and forms of organizing scientific research within the framework of the project, as well as an assessment of the results obtained in it.

The issue of scientific support for the development of state strategic decisions for the spatial development of the country is being discussed. It is proposed to use the results of scientific research obtained during the implementation of these programs as a scientific basis for strategic planning of spatial development.

This paper reveals theoretical and methodological grounds for adopting an axiological approach in vocational training of air force officers, whose study should be started with consideration of the "value" and "value orientation" concepts. This study provides a rationale for an axiological characteristic of the military education that comprises three interconnected value components: national, social, and personal. Discovered are the key aspects of of the moral and psychological state (such as militaryprofessional, military-moral and militarypolitical) that provide psychological readiness, psychological attitude ofa cadet, officer, military personnel to perform combat training tasks. ; Este documento revela los fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos para adoptar un enfoque axiológico en la formación profesional de los oficiales de la fuerza aérea, cuyo estudio debe comenzar con la consideración de los conceptos de "valor" y "orientación de valor". Este estudio proporciona una justificación para una característica axiológica de la educación militar que comprende tres componentes de valores interconectados: nacional, social y personal. Se descubren los aspectos clave del estado moral y psicológico (como militar-profesional, militarmoral y militar-político) que proporcionan preparación psicológica, actitud psicológica de un cadete, oficial, personal militar para realizar tareas de entrenamiento de combate. ; В данной статье раскрываются теоретико-методологические основания применения аксиологического подхода к подготовке военных летчиков, отправной точкой для исследования которых являются рассматриваемые нами понятия «ценность» и «ценностные ориентации». В работе дается обоснование аксиологической характеристики военного образования, включающей три взаимосвязанных ценностных компонента: государственный, общественный и личностный. Раскрываются основные аспекты морально-психологического состояния (такие, как военно- профессиональный, военно-нравственный и военно-политический), обеспечивающие психологическую готовность, психологический настрой курсанта, офицера, воинского коллектива выполнять учебно-боевые задачи

This paper reveals theoretical and methodological grounds for adopting an axiological approach in vocational training of air force officers, whose study should be started with consideration of the "value" and "value orientation" concepts. This study provides a rationale for an axiological characteristic of the military education that comprises three interconnected value components: national, social, and personal. Discovered are the key aspects of of the moral and psychological state (such as military-professional, military-moral and military-political) that provide psychological readiness, psychological attitude of­a cadet, officer, military personnel to perform combat training tasks.